When summer is in full swing, make sure to take a moment to think about how important it is to prevent sun damage and skin cancer.
We all love soaking up the sun, but protecting our skin should be a top priority. So let’s dive into the risks, prevention strategies, and treatments available, especially focusing on chemical peels, laser treatments, and the ever-essential sunscreen.
Understanding the Risks
First, let's talk about why sun damage and skin cancer are such big deals. The sun emits ultraviolet (UV) rays, which are the main culprits behind skin damage. There are two types of UV rays: UVA and UVB. UVA rays penetrate deep into the skin, causing premature aging and wrinkles, while UVB rays are responsible for sunburn. Both types contribute to skin cancer.
Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the United States. The three major types are:
- Basal cell carcinoma: The most common but least dangerous, often appearing as a waxy bump.
- Squamous cell carcinoma: Can be more aggressive, appearing as a red, scaly patch or sore.
- Melanoma: The most dangerous form, can develop from moles and spread quickly.
The primary risk factors for skin cancer include excessive sun exposure, tanning beds, lighter skin tone, a history of sunburns, and a family history of skin cancer. But don’t worry, there are effective ways to protect yourself!
Prevention Strategies
Sunscreen: Your Best Friend
The most effective way to prevent sun damage and skin cancer is to use sunscreen daily. Here’s how to make the most of it:
- Choose the Right SPF: Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30. Broadspectrum means it protects against both UVA and UVB rays.
- Apply Generously: Most people don’t use enough sunscreen. Apply a generous amount to all exposed skin, and don’t forget easy-to-miss spots like your ears, neck, and the tops of your feet.
- Reapply Often: Sunscreen wears off, especially if you’re swimming or sweating. Reapply every two hours, and immediately after swimming or excessive sweating.
- Year-Round Protection: UV rays can damage your skin even on cloudy days and during winter. Make sunscreen a part of your daily routine, year-round.
Other Sun Safety Tips
- Seek Shade: Stay in the shade, especially between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. when the sun’s rays are the strongest.
- Wear Protective Clothing: Long Sleeve shirts, wide brimmed hats, and UVblocking sunglasses can help protect your skin.
- Avoid Tanning Beds: They are just as harmful as the sun and significantly increase your risk of skin cancer.
Treatments for Sun Damage
Even with the best prevention, some sun damage can still occur. Fortunately, there are treatments available to address this damage and reduce the risk of skin cancer.
Chemical Peels
Chemical peels involve applying a chemical solution to the skin, causing it to exfoliate and eventually peel off. The new skin underneath is usually smoother and less damaged.
- How They Help: HomeChemical peels can reduce fine lines, wrinkles, and sunspots. They also help to improve the skin’s texture and tone by removing damaged outer layers.
- Types of Peels: There are different types of chemical peels (superficial, medium, and deep) depending on the strength of the product used and the depth of skin penetration. Your dermatologist can recommend the best type for your skin concerns.
- Procedure: The procedure is relatively quick and can be done in a dermatologist’s office. Recovery time varies depending on the depth of the peel.
Laser Treatments
Laser treatments use focused light to target and treat various skin issues caused by sun damage.
- How They Help: Laser treatments can address sunspots, wrinkles, and even some forms of precancerous growths. They work by removing the outer layer of skin or stimulating collagen production to improve skin appearance.
- Types of Lasers: Common types include ablative lasers (which remove the outer skin layer) and nonablative lasers (which stimulate collagen without removing skin).
- Procedure: Like chemical peels, laser treatments are done in a dermatologist’s office. The number of sessions needed varies based on the extent of the damage and the type of laser used.
Combining Treatments for Best Results
Using a combination of sunscreen, chemical peels, and laser treatments can be very effective in preventing and treating sun damage:
- Prevent: Daily sunscreen use is your first line of defense against sun damage and skin cancer.
- Treat: If you have sun damage, chemical peels and laser treatments can help reverse some of the harm and improve your skin’s appearance.
- Maintain: Regular follow ups with your dermatologist can help monitor your skin health and catch any potential issues early.
Final Thoughts
Preventing sun damage and skin cancer is all about being proactive. By understanding the risks and consistently using sunscreen, you can protect your skin from harmful UV rays.
If you do experience sun damage, treatments like chemical peels and laser treatments offer effective ways to rejuvenate your skin and reduce the risk of further damage.
If it’s time for your annual skin cancer screening or you have questions about any changes you've noticed in your skin, call the office at 757–461–1033 to make an appointment.
Author
Integrated Dermatology of Tidewater
Integrated Dermatology of Tidewater, located in Norfolk, Virginia, provides comprehensive personalized dermatologic care to patients of all skin types, conditions, and ages.
Medical director Jonathan Schreiber, MD, PhD and the entire professional medical team at Integrated Dermatology of Tidewater approach dermatologic exams from the medical root of an issue, and similarly, cosmetic issues from the science of a treatment, using science-based support and results with the treatment services offered to patients.
